Thomas Hobbes And Robert Boyle - 990 Words

Thomas Hobbes and Robert Boyle are two very different men. That both, however had a huge impact in the science spectrum. The two men did not always agree with each other views on many things. The most known argument, rather differences in a view they had dealt with the air pump experiment. In this paper, a review and support of Hobbes’s will be addressed with the relationship is how Hobbes explanation was the most accurate scientific view regarding the air pump and its many experiments. Looking at Hobbes’s and Robert Boyle’s background may explain their differences. Thomas Hobbes was born April 5, 1558 and died on December 4, 1679 (biography). He was an â€Å"Academic, Political Scientist, Philosopher, Scientist, Journalist, Historian†Ã¢â‚¬ ¦show more content†¦Air was not truly defined at the time of the experiment. The main issue was is the difference in the air from the air pump and it components and the surrounding air. According to what can of been said by Hobbes in _____________ it states â€Å"I think it cannot be known whence it can be refilled nor what might follows, unless the nature of the air is/known first (). How can air be moved, if it is not really known. Hobbes may have believed that air can be mixture of air and fluid(). The nature of air, cannot be easily described. Air cannot be sucked out, a vacuum, or an air pump could have not been created. Even more Hobbes questioned the experiments using the air pump. All the air may not have been completely out. The contact of the surfaces were not smooth, rather not perfect. This can allow the force applied to draw back the sucker distending the cavity of the cylinder. Furthermore, hard atoms could have got in between the edges of the surfaces, which can cause the air pump to get some air. Those are reasons Thomas Hobbes stated, that all the air most likely was not taken out the air pump. There were many experiments performed to test the air pump. The Torricelli experiment, was an experiment based off mercury and the space above it. While most view the space above the mercury is empty, Hobbes says that it contains air in the air pump. Air cannot escape the pressure of rising mercury, the weight must goShow MoreRelatedThe Invention Of The Scientific Revolution1705 Words   |  7 Pagesthe more florid aspects of her life (Grant, 1957, Whitaker, 2003), we are the beneficiaries of a recent flurry of scholarly interest in her philosophical and scientific undertakings. She engaged with, and apparently held her own against Thomas Hobbes, Robert Boyle, Renà © Descartes and others in the early Royal Society, though she herself was denied fellowship in that exalted body (Walters, 2014). Margaret Cavendish rejected Aristotelianism and the mechanist philosophies that prevailed through muchRead MoreBusiness Ethics: John Locke Essay1696 Words   |  7 PagesIn 1656, Locke was awarded a bachelor’s degree in medicine, and two years later in 1658 he was awarded his master’s degree. Having studied medicine during his time at Oxford, Locke worked with noted scientists and thinkers such as Robert Boyle, Thomas Willis, Robert Hooke, and Richard Lower. In 1666, Locke met Lord Anthony Ashley Cooper, 1st Earl of Shaftesbury, who had come to Oxford seeking treatment for a liver infection. Being very impressed by Locke, Cooper persuaded him to be part of hisRead MoreStudy Guide to Renaissance Humanism2965 Words   |  12 Pagesof new religious orders and the reforms of the Council of Trent. Luther was declared an outlaw by Charles V at the Diet of Worms in 1521. Charles V’s attempts to reconcile Luther with the Church were confined to debates that occurred prior to 1521. Thomas Wolsey’s fall from power as Henry VIII’s adviser was not related to the Colloquy, but stemmed from the divorce crisis. English Puritanism developed during the reign of Elizabeth I C. because of dissatisfaction with the scope and breadth of the ElizabethanRead MoreEmergence of Critical Thinking and the Impact on Education Essay2069 Words   |  9 Pagesand those which, although appealing, were not. These beliefs and explanations might lack evidence or even rational foundation and Socrates often brought this to light through his teaching through questioning (Paul, 1997). In the middle ages, Thomas Aquinas championed critical thinking by taking on questions and criticisms of his ideas and work. He would restate the criticism, consider it, and answer it as part of his development process. Aquinas brought a systematic approach to critical thinkingRead MoreJohn Locke And The Enlightenment Era2187 Words   |  9 PagesThe Enlightenment Era was an era of brilliance skepticism and innovation for the world we humans live on. Ranging from Thomas Hobbes to Rousseau, the Enlightenment Era has revealed many brilliant minds, including the best philosopher of the said time, John Locke. A philosopher and a physician, John Locke was introducing ideas that to others, seemed ridiculous; however, these ideas and beliefs are the ideas that have led our society to the current state we live in. The influence and principles ofRead MoreOrganisational Theory230255 Words   |  922 Pageshave not been or cannot be empirically tested. Hence, positivism combines what we have called an objectivist epistemology and a realist ontology (Figure 1.7). It is widely agreed that positivism is pivotal to management for two reasons. First, as Thomas (1997) notes, ‘Positivism holds the promise of techniques for controlling the world’ (p. 693) with which managers expect to be provided. Second, provided that managers appear practically to use neutral scientific knowledge, their subsequent practices

How Should Veteran Suicide Be Prevented - 1300 Words

6 How should veteran suicidal be prevented? A Problem and Solution Essay: How Should Veteran Suicide be prevented? Durham Technical Community College This is like a bomb waiting to go off: Family of veterans have to live with fear, hoping that their love one would recuperate, be happy, or simply a civilian again. The Veterans Affairs Department (VA) should put a better effort to better assist veterans, and their family with a better plan to reduce this preventable death. Many veterans find it difficult to admit, control, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), let alone reaching for help; when they do so, they are considered just another number at the VA. At any moment, a veteran?s sacrifice for this country should end†¦show more content†¦(Zilvin 2007). A study was conducted to identified higher risks of suicidal in veterans, and the conclusion stated that veterans that are depressed have higher risk for suicide. This results can assist to focus on a certain group continuously and monitor closely to detect suicidal behavior and prevent it. Another cause of suicide is PTSD leads to depression and if not treated could lead to suicide but more study is to be done. ?For example, use and frequency of psychotherapy visits and adherence to psychiatric medications could influence the relationship between depression, PTSD, and completed suicide? (Zilvin 2007). One of the disadvantage of previous military wars with todays, is technology. Now soldiers can stay in touch with their families so easy through social media. It is stressful for a soldier to see their friends and family day to day struggle or success, while they are trying to survive combat. So that?s when depression begins followed by alcohol abuse and ending with suicide. Fact: relationship problems are one of the most frequent risk factors associated with suicides among military members. ?Fact: relationship problems are one of the most frequent risk factors associated with suicides among military members? (Litts 2013). Litts also argues that suicidal can be caused due to brain

Essay on Karl Poppers Falsifiability - 983 Words

Karl Poppers Falsifiability Sir Karl Poppers lecture was very thought provoking concerning where to draw the line. Unlike most people, the validity of the theory was not his concern as much as how that validity is determined. This is an issue that really does not get the attention that it deserves. Poppers claims concerning, When should a theory be ranked as scientific? and Is there a criterion for the scientific character or status of a theory? seems to be put together in the following summary. At first Popper seems to just be criticizing the integrity of some sciences and/or scientists who nebulously back their vague and general theories with references to observations that may be inconclusive or scanty which they†¦show more content†¦The first half of Poppers lecture seems to coincide with Thomas Kuhns historical account of science. Kuhn speaks of the old astronomical theories held and how they resemble many types of theories today. They were believed for the same reasons: they provided plausible answers to the questions that seemed important (Kuhn p.3). Kuhn, however, would agree with Popper that theories must go beyond the content of observation; that it was psychological factors that led the early scientists to group up observations into a systematic formula. Basically, with every hypothesis, conjecture, observation, etc. I have read about in Kuhn goes to every extreme to avoid any type of test that might refute their claims. The limited observations that they did make could always be interpreted into the theory. What was worse was that those observations that did not fit into the theory were viewed as only apparent observations (Kuhn p.39). Maybe this is another factor involved as to why Copernicus was revolutionary. He did not follow this precedent. Copernicus was not the only one. Many had also refuted Aristotles views concerning laws of motion (Kuhn p.83). When observable falsifying evidence is present Kuhn agrees that the conceptual scheme must then be abandoned and replaced. However, a good distinction is made here. Conceptual scheme is a much better rendering than theory. Much like what I would call a world view-the way weShow MoreRelatedTheories And Theories Of The Calms Made By Alan Chalmers907 Words   |  4 Pagesknowledge is reliable knowledge because it is objectively proven knowledge.† I will also be discussing Karl Popper’s opposing views on the scientific method, siding with his falsification method. I think that even though both sides are rational, Alan Chalmers clams are more practical and better for humans to continue to investigate new theories and laws of the universe. Therefore, I oppo se Popper’s stance on the scientific method due to it discrediting non data driven fields sciences, labelling themRead MoreThe Theory Of Science From Non Science1778 Words   |  8 Pagesfamous, influential philosophers in the 20th century, Karl Popper, includes striking ideas of his scientific view. His aim was to understand science. Popper called the problem of distinguishing science from non-science the â€Å"problem of demarcation† (Smith, 58). Popper proposed a solution to the problem, and it was the â€Å"Falsificationism†. He described endorsing a view of scientific validity based on a conception of â€Å"falsifiability.† Falsifiability is an ability to prove that hypothesis or a theory isRead MoreEssay on Karl Popper and Falsifiability1354 Words   |  6 PagesKarl Popper and Falsifiability Karl Poppers claim that the criterion of the scientific status of a theory is its falsifiability is a clearly viable statement. This is a natural extension of his idea about how scientific knowledge is increased (Edwards, 1967). In an attempt to define science from pseudo-science, Popper states that the growth of scientific knowledge begins with an imaginative proposal of hypotheses (Edwards, 1967). Then, the scientist must search for illustrations or situationsRead MorePopper And Kuhn On Nature Of Scientific Progress1184 Words   |  5 Pages Popper and Kuhn held differing views on the nature of scientific progress. As seen in Popper’s falsification theory, he held that theories can never be proved only disproved or falsified. Once a theory is proved false we move on to the next. Kuhn, on the other, hand argued a new paradigm may solve puzzles better than the old one but you cannot describe the old science as false. Both seem to share the Kantian idea that the really real, independently existing world is completely unknowable. Read MoreScience : Conjectures And Refutations By Karl R. Popper963 Words   |  4 PagesScience: Conjectures and Refutations by Karl R. Popper is a piece of literature that takes scientific theories into question and asks whether or not they may even be considered truly scientific. In this paper I will provide reasons and examples as to why this thesis is correct. To begin I will talk about Poppers main idea or purpose of the paper, I will then go on to discuss his claims and how they support his paper. Finally I will talk about what it means if Popper is correct and give some reasonsRead MoreSOLVING THE DEMARCATION PROBLEM USING THREE THEORIES Essay2230 Words   |  9 Pagesdemarcation problem, or the problem of distinguishing between science and non-science, and how all three of them need to be combined in order to truly solve this problem. First, I will explain each of the three different theories proposed by A.J. Ayer, Karl Popper, and Paul Thagard, these philosopher’s arguments for each of these theories, and an example of using each theory. Then, I will explain why all three of these theories need to be combined by showing examples of how each individual theory incorrectlyRead More Popper and Kuhn: Two Views of Science Essay1449 Words   |  6 Pagesof Science In this essay I attempt to answer the following two questions: What is Karl Popper’s view of science? Do I feel that Thomas Kuhn makes important points against it? The two articles that I make reference to are Science: Conjectures and Refutations by Karl Popper and Logic of Discovery or Psychology of Research? by Thomas Kuhn. In the article, Science: Conjectures and Refutations, Karl Popper attempts to describe the criteria that a theory must meet for it to be consideredRead MoreThe Dilemma Of Scientific Demarcation. Science Has A Textbook1818 Words   |  8 PagesThe rest of this argument will try to illustrate the distinguishability between science and pseudoscience, but also develop a concept of science. Falsifiability against Puzzle-Solving and Revolutions The first principles of demarcation that will be discussed are those of Karl Popper and Thomas S. Kuhn. According to Popper, â€Å"the criterion of falsifiability is a solution to this problem of demarcations, for it says that says that statements or systems of statements, in order to be ranked as scientificRead MoreKarl Popper and Thomas Kuhn 21472 Words   |  6 Pagesessay I attempt to answer the following two questions: What is Karl Poppers view of science? Do I feel that Thomas Kuhn makes important points against it? The two articles that I make reference to are Science: Conjectures and Refutations by Karl Popper and Logic of Discovery or Psychology of Research? by Thomas Kuhn. Both articles appear in the textbook to this class. In the article, Science: Conjectures and Refutations, Karl Popper attempts to describe the criteria that a theory must meetRead MoreThe Logic Of Scientific Discovery2172 Words   |  9 PagesAs a professor of Logic and the Scientific Method at the University of London, Karl Popper translated his own original version of The Logic of Scientific Discovery, which was originally called Logik der Forschung, to English (Stuermann). One statement that he makes, even before the actual text begins, is how hard answering questions and ideas in philosophy are is compared to other fields, such as the physical sciences. Compared to a physicist, for example, that is trying to prove a point by solving

The Traditions Of Islam, Christianity, And Judaism

The traditions of Islam, Christianity, and Judaism do have their teachings and ideas about justice and charity that are very similar but also distinctive in some ways. Each of these religious traditions feature the same One God, who is said to have created the entire Universe, and everything in it, and is omniscient and omnipotent, and has chosen to intervene in life’s history on Earth as well as humanity’s history. In the traditions of Judaism, God chose the offspring of the original Patriarch, Abraham, who would provide this Earth with God’s Chosen, Blessed People, the Jews or Hebrews, who would be given special status and enjoy a special covenant with God. This covenant included the Promised Land and the Torah, which is the holy book of Judaism. All the laws, instructions, and guidelines for God’s vision for His Chosen People is contained in the Torah. Justice is primarily originated and served by God in Heaven. He is the final arbiter and fina l judge on humans. As the Judaic tradition reveals, at times, God gets very angry with the Chosen People, the Jews, and these Jews are severely punished and horrifically brutalized as evident in the Torah version of the Great Flood as well as the wanderings in the Sinai Desert for forty years due to lack of faith. Justice is served by God in a punishing, cruel way at times in order to teach the Jews harsh lessons about disobedience and unfaithfulness. On the other hand, when the Jews display strong faith and love forShow MoreRelatedEssay about Issues and Traditions of Judaism, Christianity, and Islam1580 Words   |  7 PagesRunning head: ISSUES AND TRADITIONS OF JUDAISM, CHRISTIANITY, AND Issues and Traditions of Judaism, Christianity, and Islam World Religious Traditions II REL/134 Issues and Traditions of Judaism, Christianity, and Islam Religion takes on many different forms and there are several definitions in as many languages used to describe the practices. For the purposes of this paper, the following basic definition will be used. Religion is the belief in and reverence for a supernatural powerRead MoreThe Connection between the Monotheistic Traditions of Christianity, Judaism and Islam with Respect to Divine Revelations within the Traditions2821 Words   |  12 Pagessurprised to find a great variety of people with varying beliefs and cultural traditions according to the culture’s history and geographic location. But what might strike one as odd is a great similarity across most of those people as well: a belief in God. And not just any God, but a single God who has divine knowledge and power over humanity. Yet with these commonalities, the three traditions of Judaism, Christianity, and Islam each have a unique take on what they feel is the correct belief about GodRead MoreJudaism, Christianity , And Islam992 Words   |  4 PagesJudaism, Christianity and Islam are three of the most recognized monotheistic religions worldwide. These religions are often referred to as the Abrahamic religions because of their history to the founding father, Abraham. Judaism, Christianity and Islam are closely related with varying differences. Christianity was born from within the Jewish tradition, and Islam developed from both Christianity and Judaism. We take a look at some of the major similarities and major differences of these widely practicedRead MoreChristian, Islam, and Judaism1397 Words   |  6 Pages2133 – W03 April 19, 2008 Christianity, Judaism, and Islam Every religion has its own goal, and their own path and believe to reach their goals, however there are also many similarities in believes. Although the followers of Judaism, Christianity, and Islam may see things differently, they all fundamentally hold the same values and codes. To Islam, the Prophet Mohammad’s teaching is a complete and final revelation. On the other hand, according to the bible, Christianity believes that Jesus ChristRead MoreThree Religions and Three Holy Cities 990 Words   |  4 Pagesmajor religions: Islam, Christianity, and Judaism. It is quite remarkable that Southwest Asia has been a holy place for all three, and although it causes turmoil it is important to understand the three religions and their customs. Such information may help us not to judge so quickly or perhaps to grow in our knowledge about the world. Hopefully this will help everyone to have a wider view of the world than just the town they reside in or even the country they live in. Islam Islam is the religionRead MoreThree Main Religions in the Continent of Asia907 Words   |  4 Pagesprimarily one of three religions; Christian, Judaism, or Islam. These religions all have different practices, rituals, and teachings but also have some similarities. Each religion has their own holy book, key cites, worship places, and special religious holidays. In Southwest Asia, your religion is based on your family history, beliefs, customs, and traditions. The first religion to get founded was Judaism, nearly four thousand years ago. Judaism originated as the beliefs and practices ofRead MoreSimilarities Between Christianity And Islam1332 Words   |  6 Pagesthere are many similarities in beliefs. Although the followers of Judaism, Christianity, and Islam may see things differently, they all fundamentally hold the same values and codes. To Islam, the Prophet Mohammad’s teaching is a complete and final revelation. On the other hand, according to the bible, Christianity believes that Jesus Christ is the true lord and savior that will grant you the access to heaven in the afterlife. Judaism is founded by Abraham and it is the base from which both of the otherRead MoreDifferences Between Christianity And Islam1152 Words   |  5 PagesCommonalities, Differences, and Consequences Judaism, Christianity, and Islam are among the best known and most widely practiced religions today, and have had enormous cultural, ideological, and historical impact on the peoples of every continent. Arguably more so than any other ideological systems, Abrahamic religion has been among the most influential forces in human history. The shared elements of their traditions have allowed them to develop in part through a multi-faceted dialogue with eachRead MoreChristianity, Islam, And Judaism1353 Words   |  6 Pages Compare and Contrast essay: Christianity, Islam, and Judaism Introduction of Religions Christianity most widely distributed of the world religions, having substantial representation in all the populated continents of the globe. Its total membership may exceed 1.7 billion people. Islam, a major world religion founded in Arabia and based on the teachings of Muhammad, who is called the Prophet. One who practices Islam is a Muslim. Muslims follow the Koran, the written reve lation brought by MuhammadRead MoreDispute Resolution And Religion Class793 Words   |  4 PagesProf. Pownall, three presentations of Judaism, Christianity, and Islam were presented each by a group of it’s believers. As every group had the opportunity to explain their faith and beliefs in their religion, I acknowledged that there are many resemblance between the three Abrahamic religions or at least in the point of â€Å"peacemaking†. In this paper, I would like to outline despite resolution in the three monotheistic religions; Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. Dispute resolution can be found in all

Paper on US Presidential Campaigns Free Essays

This has been the strangest of American election campaigns; the most exciting in 40 years in terms of the closeness of the contest, yet one in which both major candidates have utterly failed to capture the national imagination. The lead in the polls has changed hands half a dozen times since September and, even at this late stage, only the very bravest dare forecast the outcome. Campaigning, alas, tends to bring out the worst in Gore. We will write a custom essay sample on Paper on US Presidential Campaigns or any similar topic only for you Order Now As the standard-bearer of the incumbent party, he should have long since locked up this election. Yet his turgid style, his maddening tendency to condescension, and his craven unwillingness to depart from the script provided by his advisers have combined to squander the â€Å"peace and prosperity† factor that should have guaranteed victory. It should be said, too, that his Republican opponent, George W Bush, has improved considerably as the campaign has progressed. Not only has he won the personality contest, a vital component of any American election, hands down; he has held his own in the second debate, adroitly focused his attack on Gore’s weak points, and avoided the gaffes that everyone expected. In short, he has done enough to make a plausible president. But that does not mean he would be a good president. His short attention span, his pervasive lacks of curiosity, his general lightness of being, remain unnerving. He has mastered his lines, but all too often does not seem to understand them. On the domestic front, Gore’s ideas for using the massive budget surpluses ahead are far more convincing; his ideas on abortions, global warming, education, and campaign-finance reform more clearly address the problems facing America. Gore-appointed justices in the Supreme Court would offer added protection against a social lurch to the right. Al Gore believes that a woman should have a right to legal abortions, and that they should be â€Å"safe and rare.† Gore supports FDA approval of abortion pill Mifeprex and he wants to reinforce security around clinics to protect the doctors who perform abortions, and the patients who seek their services. â€Å"I think it†s up to the woman, and I strongly support a woman†s right to chose, and I support the FDA†s approval, assuming it†s safe for the woman who takes it,† said Gore. Bush on the other hand disagrees completely saying that the FDA†s decision was totally wrong. Ensuring Clean and Reliable Sources of Electricity: Al Gore’s plan would ensure clean and reliable sources of electricity by enhancing our nation’s capacities to reliably generate and distribute electricity and by providing market-based incentives to clean up aging power plants. Gore revived the issue of global warming, a subject from his past that he has generally ignored this year. Seizing on a new UN report asserting that pollution appears to be raising world temperatures, Gore tried to portray global warming as a populist issue. He called the effort to stop global warming a fight against big polluters, in an attack similar to those he has made on drug companies, insurance companies, health-maintenance organizations. â€Å"It does not have to happen and won†t happen if we put our minds to solving this problem,† Gore said of the predicted rise in temperature and problems that would create. Gore†s turn to global warming suggests he now thinks he can use the subject to cast an unfavorable light on Bush, who has expressed skepticism about the danger. Bush says, â€Å"It†s an issue that we need to take very seriously. I don†t think we know the solution to global warming yet and I don†t think we†ve got all the facts before we make decisions.† In the field of education Gore says: â€Å"We can’t reform education with half an agenda. We can’t make education our top priority if huge tax cuts for the wealthy are already the first, second, and third priority. That’s really the choice we face: a commitment to education for life or a set of priorities that could leave us with budget deficits for life.† He argues that if you drain the money away from the public schools for private vouchers, it hurts the public schools. George W. Bush has a narrower education agenda because his massive tax cut leaves few resources to invest in education. Vice President Al Gore supports reforms to eliminate gray areas in legislation. He backs McCain-Feingold Bill because it†s that important that all of the issues like prescription drugs for seniors that is opposed by the drug companies, will be easier to pass if we limit the influence of special interests. Whereas Bush supports an effort to ban corporate soft money labor union soft money. Bush thinks that there needs to be instant disclosure on the Internet as to who†s given to whom. Gore supports using $2.2 trillion of the Social Security surpluses to shore up the program and pay down the debt, thus saving billions of dollars in interest, which can be redirected to ensuring the solvency of the Social Security trust fund until at least 2050. He supports the elimination of the Social Security earnings limit, which the president signed into law on April 7, 2000. Gore supports an increase in benefits for widows and eliminating the â€Å"motherhood penalty† — the resulting reduction in benefits for women who take time off from work to raise children. â€Å"I do not believe it’s right to play games with Social Security or pit young against old in a scramble to fulfill extravagant and competing campaign promises,† he said in a speech in Kissimmee, in central Florida. â€Å"I believe we have to strengthen Social Security by giving unprecedented new opportunities for families to save more, invest more and get higher returns,† Gore said. Bush does not rule out the possibility of rising the eligibility age for baby boom-era recipients as part of trade-off for private investment accounts. Bush freely admits that he would rely on advisers. They are an indisputably reassuring bunch, led by Colin Powell, his likely Secretary of State, and Dick Cheney, his running mate and a former Secretary of Defense. But what if the advisers disagree? Again, I come back to Bush’s lack of depth. The Republican might have won the campaign. But Gore deserves to win the election and the presidency; Gore†s views are clearly more logical and realistic to this country and that†s why I would vote for Gore. How to cite Paper on US Presidential Campaigns, Papers

Section 377A of Penal Code of Singapore

Question: Describe about the Section 377A of Penal Code of Singapore? Answer: Singapore's Section 377A of the Penal Code The main leftover piece of the legislation which criminalizes the sex between the mutually consenting adult men is Section 377A of the Penal Code of the country Singapore. Section 377A which is Outrages on decency says that: Any male person who no matter in public or at private are found to commit the commission or stimulate the commission of or procures the commission or attempts to procure the commission through any male person in any act of physical relation with another male person will be punished with imprisonment for some years and now which may be extended to 2 years. (National Library Board, 2015) The enactment of its mother statute of Section 377 must first be first explained in order to understand the Section 377A. Section 377 criminalized the sex against the order of the nature . (The Economist, 2014) It means that if any person voluntarily make any carnal intercourse with any man, animals or woman against the order the nature will be punished with jail or can also be pun ished with imprisonment for a certain term which may also extend or increase to 10 years and that person shall also have to pay fine as a part of the punishment. Issues surrounding Singapore's Section 377A of the Penal Code The issue surrounding section 377A focuses on the good of social marriage and but on the reverse side of the coin as we know there is the social ills of this sexual conduct outside the marriage. This argument on marriage is often developed to a high level of internal consistency and sophistication and is also used by many religious groups and philosophers. There are variations in the issues but the basic principles of all are generally the same. (Wee, 2015) The next issue is in utilitarian ethics based on Harm Principle. All reasonable people most probably agree that it is wrong to engage themselves self-destructive behavior or it mean the behavior that harms another person and this is not moral of humanity. Arguments for upholding Singapore's Section 377A of the Penal Code The first argument, which is in favor of section 377A of Singapore is based on the social good of a marriage. Marriage is a social good according to this argument. Marriage is considered as the faithful, lifelong and monogamous union between a man and a woman. Both of them together not only creates a framework in which male and female support and respect their differences, strengths and weaknesses. But together they are also capable of procreation. Moreover, marriage also provides a safe and very stable environment to the persons within which children can be raised and this provides society a very amount of benefits and also this argument is verified by the Singapore government. The family is the basic and vital building block of our society, this is one of the shared values identified by the Shared Values White Paper. In 2007 Prime Minister of Singapore Lee Hsien Loong explained it as: The basic building block of our society is the family. (lum, 2014) And by in Singapore the word fa mily means one woman one man who are married to each other and having children and bringing up children with that a stable family unit framework. As incest, necrophilia and bestiality are the sexual conduct which are criminalized under the Penal Code. The second argument in favor of section 377A in Singapore is based on the Harm Principle of utilitarian ethics. (National Library Board, 2015)The second argument in favor of section 377A is based on the Harm Principle in utilitarian ethics. According to this the men who have sex with other men is a part of the majority of patients who are having acute HIV infections in Singapore and also many of them are becoming co infected with syphilis. (Wee, 2015) The third argument which is in the favor of section 377A of Singapore is not difficult to handle as it simply says that the section 377A is justified because to a majority of Singaporeans homosexual conduct is offensive. This is based on utilitarian ethics Offense Principle which has been developed by Joel Feinberg and it says that legal intervention is justified by certain forms of offense. According to Feinberg, the mere fact that one feels offended is sufficient. Arguments against upholding Singapore's Section 377A of the Penal Code The Court of Appeal of ruling against the appeals brought in front by, Gary Lim, Tan Eng Hong and Kenneth Chee upholded the Section 377a of the Penal Code constitutionality in which criminalizing sex between men is very disappointing for every Singaporean . (lum, 2015)The existence of this Section 377a have a bad effect not just on Gay men of Singapore but also its Bisexual, Lesbian and other Transgender communities. It encourages reinforces prejudice and discrimination which lead to censorship in the media and have great impact on the health and wellbeing on segment of society. The Singapore's opportunity to showcase itself as a truly openness, accepting and unique society with a great place for working, living and playing has been missed as with this section it discriminates a segment of society with other and don't provide them the same rights . (lum, 2015) A part of society is not considered equal in front of law, don't have right to feel safe at home, have no physical and emotio nal protection and no protection against discrimination which is a right with which every Singaporean should be given and should not be denied on the basis of whom they love. An opportunity has been missed to demonstrate that Singapore country's important principle which is being united people, building of a democratic society. Conclusion Singapore's Section 377A of the penal code of can get justified on the basis of three arguments, from Marriage, Harm and Offense But with this the fact can't b neglect that with upholding this section Singapore have also missed a golden opportunity to demonstrate how well they all stand by their guiding principle of being one united people country and also losses the building of a democratic society which would be based on justice and equality. References Chen, J. (2012). Singapore's Culture War over Section 377A: Through the Lens of Public Choice and Multilingual Research. Law Social Inquiry, 38(1), 106-137. Chua, L. Legislation and Case Notes: The Power of Legal Processes and Section 377A of the Penal Code. SSRN Journal. lum, s. (2014). Court upholds law banning gay sex. AsiaOne. Retrieved 22 March 2015, from https://news.asiaone.com/news/singapore/court-upholds-law-banning-gay-sex lum, S. (2015). Court of Appeal rules that Section 377A that criminalises sex between men is constitutional. Straitstimes.com. Retrieved 22 March 2015, from https://www.straitstimes.com/news/singapore/courts-crime/story/court-appeal-rules-section-377a-criminalises-sex-between-men-const National Library Board, S. (2015). Penal Code section 377A | Infopedia. Eresources.nlb.gov.sg. Retrieved 22 March 2015, from https://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/infopedia/articles/SIP_1639_2010-01-31.html Wee, D. (2015). Singapore blogger found guilty of contempt for post crit icizing anti-gay law. Gay Star News. Retrieved 22 March 2015, from https://www.gaystarnews.com/article/singapore-blogger-found-guilty-contempt-post-criticizing-anti-gay-law230115 The Economist,. (2014). On permanent parole. Retrieved 22 March 2015, from https://www.economist.com/banyan/2014/10/gay-rights-singapore